Match Ammo "Shelf Life"

BearShoots

Private
Minuteman
Jan 10, 2025
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ohio
Hi guys, first post on the form. Ive recently started to reload precision .223 for my cmp service rifle competitions. Since the season doesnt start up till about march I've got alot of time and components just sitting around. Main question is the "shelf life" of match ammo, mainly how long they can sit loaded in a box before they develop any ailments that might hinder their performance. Furthest range I shoot out to is 600 yards.

Ive heard varying times, like 8 weeks, 4 if its stored in a cold environment. Ive also heard about cold welding.
If anyone could share their experiences that would be great :)

Thanks!
 
8 weeks and 4 weeks? That is interesting. I believe that is not true at all. Well. I made some very high quality match ammo about 10 years ago, many different recipes of what works (77 grain, using N140, varget, etc) and shot them about 4 weeks ago after sitting in a box 10 years from the storage room temp 55-75 last 10 years.

A couple of the groups were .4", and rest were good. So I would fathom to guess? Maybe...your lifetime? no. I dont know. I see zero degradation of any kind after 10 years. And I shot some other ammo that was 40 years old, and it was just as accurate as new a few years back.

I don't really know the answer, because I think nobody knows. But if 10 years is OK, that's good. ALSO, the powder manufacturers generally say powder in OEM bottle stored correctly will last EASY 10+ years. My experience is more than that, guys on here have used powder from 40 years ago, no issues. Here is from VV's website.

What is the estimated shelf life of gun powder?​


The estimated shelf-life of Vihtavuori gun powders is a minimum of 10 years, if stored and sealed in its original containers at a temperature of circa 20°C/ 68°F and a relative humidity of 55-65 %.

If their lawyers told them to say 10 years, then you can guess it might be 30+ LOL.
 
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Hi guys, first post on the form. Ive recently started to reload precision .223 for my cmp service rifle competitions. Since the season doesnt start up till about march I've got alot of time and components just sitting around. Main question is the "shelf life" of match ammo, mainly how long they can sit loaded in a box before they develop any ailments that might hinder their performance. Furthest range I shoot out to is 600 yards.

Ive heard varying times, like 8 weeks, 4 if its stored in a cold environment. Ive also heard about cold welding.
If anyone could share their experiences that would be great :)

Thanks!
I can't imagine you will have any issues. After all, a lot of factory ammo sits on shelves and still shoots just fine.
 
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Hi guys, first post on the form. Ive recently started to reload precision .223 for my cmp service rifle competitions. Since the season doesnt start up till about march I've got alot of time and components just sitting around. Main question is the "shelf life" of match ammo, mainly how long they can sit loaded in a box before they develop any ailments that might hinder their performance. Furthest range I shoot out to is 600 yards.

Ive heard varying times, like 8 weeks, 4 if its stored in a cold environment. Ive also heard about cold welding.
If anyone could share their experiences that would be great :)

Thanks!
I will assume for a second that you meant XTC 600 yard loads.

You will need something like a Wilson arbor style seater, and a small arbor press.
If you pre-load well ahead of use, you will want to consider loading 0.025" long and then seating them at or just before the match.

When you seat them, take note of the ones that just seat versus the ones that "pop". You may want to place those to the side and test them in practice some day.

There are soo many facets to this topic that I won't bother to cover them, but doing the above was what I was taught to do long before I learned why I was trained to do so.
It took me many years in the defense world to learn all the reasons why the topic of our match loads is unique and has nothing to do with MIL ammo issues. YMMV
 
I will assume for a second that you meant XTC 600 yard loads.

You will need something like a Wilson arbor style seater, and a small arbor press.
If you pre-load well ahead of use, you will want to consider loading 0.025" long and then seating them at or just before the match.

When you seat them, take note of the ones that just seat versus the ones that "pop". You may want to place those to the side and test them in practice some day.

There are soo many facets to this topic that I won't bother to cover them, but doing the above was what I was taught to do long before I learned why I was trained to do so.
It took me many years in the defense world to learn all the reasons why the topic of our match loads is unique and has nothing to do with MIL ammo issues. YMMV
Thanks for the reply!
- I am shooting nra/cmp XTC matches, at 200, 300, and 600 yards. Since 2/3 of my ammo is loaded to mag length I guess I'll just save loading my 600 yard loads till the season begins.
- If you have any info, could you share how much of a difference, if any, cold weld makes to the accuracy of a round (I'm assuming that's what seating high and pressing later is referring too) Since 80% of service rifle is the marksmanship factor I'm willing to settle for any load that can yield sub moa groups.
 
Since 80% of service rifle is the marksmanship factor I'm willing to settle for any load that can yield sub moa groups.
You can get away with a lot for the 200, 300 line loads and still clean the target.

However, you are going to want your best for the 600 yard line. The 223 isn't an easy cartridge to shoot at Mid Range or Long Range to begin with, so sloppy ammo won't make you happy at the 600 yard line.

Unless you know your exact charge, you don't want to pre load the ammo anyway.
If the gun is happy then load away, but if the gun wants to have a little more or a little less based on the weather changes, you will be better off waiting. It is very common to need to change the charge for the temp changes during the swing from winter to summer. A load that works well at 600 yards in 50 to 75F weather, may tip over in 100F weather for example.

Eventually, you have to plan ahead to travel to matches large enough to earn your "hard leg points". That is where you will have no choice but to load well ahead of out of state matches. Just load them long and seat them when you know you will use them.

If you have any info, could you share how much of a difference, if any, cold weld makes to the accuracy of a round
Like I said before, it is a very lengthy discussion.

The short version is that this can and does happen. When this happens, your SD/ES goes to hell in a handbasket. Your 600 yard ammo will not hold the 10 ring and many times won't even hold an 8 ring. When your 600 ammo SD/ES goes out of control it is game over for your chances at points.

To finish at the top of an EIC match, your goal for 600 yard ammo is to hold inside the X ring for 20 shot strings from a rest. You need the margin when shooting from sling and for the wind calls. If some of the bullets stick in the necks, it is the equivalent of having your seating forces go from like 60 lbs to like 260 lbs. It will typically be a statistical fraction of the batch, not all of them.

Generating the bullet adhesion issue in the labs is one thing. The statistical failures of hobbyist match ammo is another. This problem is difficult to predict in terms of time or effect. The best advice is "don't go there".

This problem can be brought on by chemical reactions between the bullet and the necks, and that can be made better or worse by over-cleaning to bare nascent metal. Folks have tried to mitigate this in many ways including dry-lube coatings on their bullets or added to their prep process. Others experiment with adding preservatives in their tumble media to "treat" their brass. It can be a lengthy topic.

You can go down a very deep rabbit hole, but I am trying to do you a favor that will bypass all of that R&D by either keeping the ammo freshly loaded or seating it long and finishing it at the match. YMMV