Re: Dimpled Barrel
I'm just an civil engineer, no metallurgical expert o barrel maker.
From a structural point, dimpling saves weight and may keep more torsional stiffness (...for whatever it's worth, theoretically at least longitudinal stiffness is more important) than fluting after removing about the same amount of material (weight). The stresses that it may induce on the barrel are also more evenly distributed, and the round shape of the dimples avoids stress concentration. This would also vary depending on the comparative depth, number and shape of the flutes/dimples.
I have never seen any truly credible, non-biased comparison on heat dissipation, both for fluted (straight or helical) and dimpled barrels vs normal round profiles.
I would not expect any good barrel to improve accuracy wise at all by either, but probably it won't hurt if properly done unless you are talking about ultimate accuracy, where the barrel probably would be better left unmolested.
Perhaps the cut barrels will suffer less distortion after machining than other types, and theoretically the cold hammered barrels react differently (slightly contract the internal bore when you remove material on the exterior diameter) than buttoned ones (that expand = worse for accuracy). It would also depend on the type of steel, machining and heat treatment to remove residual stress, so probably it is not that easy in practice.
It might be marginally better than fluting, but it seems its use is basically looks and some weight savings...