Re: Target Turrets
Personally I wouldn't buy a scope without target turrets, but it's more or less personal preference.
The target turrets / tactical turrets whatever you want to call them allow you to make your scope adjustments without having to take caps off of the turrets themselves, as well as usually having more clear indicators for reference of measurement.
Depending on what kind of scope you get it will have adjustments with something like .25moa per click or .1 milradian per click. I assume you know what those are, but if you don't: angular measurements between you and your target, think of them as pieces of pie in a circle. The farther away you are from your target, the larger the end of the pie or the distance at your target (at 100 yds 1 moa is about equal to 1 inch and 1 mil is about equal to 3.44 inches)
I like having a reticle that has milradian sub tensions on it as well as scope turrets adjusted in milradian as opposed to moa/moa or mil/moa etc. This way, if I see my groups are off by 2 mils in my scope based off the reticle, I can adjust 20 clicks on the proper turret and should be dead on.
Knowing what to dial at a range is dependent on a lot of factors. The easiest way to know this is to buy software for your PDA/smartphone/ipod whatever you have and to plug in your info there. This will give you a chart that tells you what kind of adjustments to make at specified distances. Otherwise (and it's a good skill to have anyway) you'll need a paper and pencil and lots of practice with the proper equations and learning to determine changes in atmospheric conditions.
Keeping in mind that caliber, bullet weight, and bullet speed are all important in these calculations, personally I recommend a mil/mil scope and bulletflight app for your smartphone/ipod.
Sorry if this is needlessly long-winded.