I took all the data from BC Precision Ballistics site and plugged it into an internal ballistics model that will show mv change with barrel length, charge weight, and bullet weight changes. (It has been within 14fps of real-world for me over the years with Grendel, Creedmoor, .223 Rem/5.56, .308, etc.)
I took the 75gr V-MAX load data (24” barrel), and ran 12.5” and 10.5” for 6mm MAX:
6mm MAX
24" fastest load (CFE223): 3170fps (mv ranges from 2985-3170fps depending on powder used)
14.5”: 2912fps
12.5”: 2836fps (this would be 20” 5.56 velocity with 77gr)
10.5”: 2732fps
75gr V-MAX has a .330 G1 BC
14.5"
300yds 2123fps 751ft-lbs 1.0 drop / 0.9 drift
500yds 1677fps 468ft-lbs 3.0 / 1.6
12.5"
300yds 2060fps 707ft-lbs 1.1 mils / 0.9
500yds 1623fps 439ft-lbs 3.2 mils 1.7 drift
10.5"
300yds 1973fps 648ft-lbs 1.2 / 1.0
500yds 1551fps 401ft-lbs 3.5 / 1.8
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5.56 77gr TMK
18: 2768fps
14.5”: 2650fps
18” 5.56
300yds 2149fps 789ft-lbs 1.1 / 0.7
500yds 1785fps 545ft-lbs 3.0 / 1.3
14.5” 5.56 77gr TMK
300yds 2047fps 716ft-lbs 1.2 / 0.8
500yds 1695fps 491ft-lbs 3.3 / 1.4
Main conclusions:
Shooting similar bullet weights from 6mm MAX vs 5.56, namely in the 75-77gr weight classes, shows very minimal downrange advantage due to the higher BCs of the 75-77gr class in .224” vs the lower BCs of the 6mm 75gr. The 5.56 actually has better wind drift from the same barrel lengths. The advantage to 6 MAX would be armor-defeat in the closer range due to higher mv.
Where the 6 MAX has its main advantages vs 5.56 is being able to shoot the heavier 87-103gr projectiles, and being able to shoot the really light bullets at close range super-fast from short barrels. A 10.5” 6 MAX will spit a 55gr out at 3087fps naked, and faster with suppressor boost. You will want a suppressor on the end for that of course.
12.5” 6 MAX will spit the 87gr V-MAX at ~2524fps, which is what it takes to get near the .224” 77gr TMK BC.