The idea is to vent excess gass out the front so it doesn't gas back through the chamber. How much of a difference it makes i can't really say, but i run my guns suppressed and with normal strings of fire, gas in the face is not an issue. If you were putting tons of rounds down range in a short period of time, doing mag dumps, etc then it may not help a ton. You can also run superlative gas blocks to restrict flow like other gas blocks if you choose to. I do this on a very over-gassed 308 because when suppressed i can't bleed enough off through the front.
How they work in a nutshell is that with the screw all the way in, the gas is off like any other adjustable gas block. Backing the screw out increases gas until the point that it's wide open. Keep backing it out beyond that, and it allows excess gas to escape through a port on the front of the block. There was a good video on YouTube i found once where someone made a model that explained it really well.