Here's a live fire short stroke test that's fairly reliable. It should be done using a sled, bags, bipod or tripod as attempting it freehand can be dangerous due to loss of control when firing.
Manually lock the BCG back and return the charging handle forward to latch. Load 1 round in a mag and insert mag. Pull down on the mag to make sure the mag catch is engaged. Push the bolt release to charge. While pushing hard on the lower portion of the bolt release lever with your thumb (same as manually engaging the bolt catch), fire the 1 round. If the BCG doesn't lock back, it's short stroking due to gas system or other issues like incompatible parts. If the BCG does lock back, it's can be an issue with the mag/mag spring, the bolt catch spring, or more common with your set-up, over-speed cycling. NOTE: With no mag and an empty chamber, push the lower portion of the bolt release lever while cycling the BCG. This will give you a slow-motion idea of how it feels and what to expect when doing the actual live fire test.
Many consider the Aero 3.8oz 308 short carbine buffer to be too light in weight. This can cause over-speed issues where the BCG out-runs the mag spring and/or bolt catch spring. The first thing I would try is a heavier buffer, I use mid-5oz buffers.